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The American Colonization Society (ACS) was founded in 1816 to send free African-Americans to Africa as an alternative to emancipation in the United States In 1822, the ACS established a colony that became Liberia. By 1867, the society had sent more than 13,000 emigrants.
Black New Yorkers, however, knew their homeland was here, not in Liberia. Their families had experienced the Revolution and were surely more American than the thousands of Irish and Germans who had recently immigrated and became citizens so quickly.
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Map of Liberia, West Africa, lithograph, New York: G. F. Nesbitt & Co., 183-?. Reproduced courtesy of Library of Congress.
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